TO MY DEAREST CHILDREN
by KIRBY WONG
A letter for my future kids, to learn and pass on the beauty and power of their ancestral history, so that they can one day share with the world.
A gift to my ancestors, in honor of the sacrifices they made that allowed me to have the opportunities to thrive.
AUGUST 3, 2020
To my dearest children,
Though I don’t know if all my children will have my Chinese blood, I still pass down to you my story and what I have learned about my ancestors that has brought me to where I am at right now. I would like to preface this letter by introducing what led me to go on this journey and why I have chosen to write this in the first place.
In the Summer of 2017, I was sixteen years old and I had the privilege of traveling with my sister to Hawaii for a Christian program called Ho’olohe Pono. This program taught me to care for the Hawaiian people by listening intently to their stories of where they came from and who they are. I learned about their culture, language, and history and it was filled with both beauty and pain. This experience was life-changing for me–I was taught of the importance of celebrating, honoring, and listening to the kupuna (the elders of a Hawaiian community). At the same time, envy came over me. I was reflecting one day on how proudly the native Hawaiians danced, sang, and rejoiced in the Lord for they were met and honored in the midst of their community and with God. But this anger and shame of my own culture seeped into my skin and jealousy of the beautiful culture masked the beauty of my own.
It was then when I first realized to myself that I was Chinese American and there was healing needed within me and my ethnic identity.
A couple years later in the Spring of 2020, I came home early since my school announced that classes would be transitioning to remote learning due to the Corona virus. Everyone around the world was trying to get creative–how are we going to make use of our time this Summer while stuck in quarantine? As I reflected on my year with my friends and family, I talked about my desire to learn more about my ethnic identity and about our history in America. I wanted to understand why I carried this shame, why I felt no pride in my Chinese identity. My ethnic identity was based on my almond shaped dark brown eyes, my long straight black hair, my almond tan skin, the food I ate, and the lai see I received on Chinese New Years. I lacked knowledge and depth in my ancestors stories and the struggle they went through that allowed me to be here. Then your grandpa conveniently decided to create a program, Ekklesiae Stories of the Prophetic (ESP) through his ministry Ekklesiae. This allowed me to go on a journey of self discovery through my ethnic identity with a community of other Asian American Christians. To the best of our abilities with the constraints of quarantine, we were learning how to listen intently to each other’s stories of where we came from and who we are. We learned from incredible people about the history of Chinese migrants in America as well as their own stories. And now it is my turn to begin my journey of learning and sharing my story. In this letter I’m honored to share your grandpa’s ancestral history, though, your grandma’s history is full of rich and beautiful stories as well.
I write this letter to you because as I learn about my ancestors, their goal to travel to America and provide a pathway for future generations to succeed, I learn also of the many sacrifices–their homeland, family, and culture. Five generations later their sacrifices paid off as I am able to live a fulfilling and fruitful life. In return I want to honor them by passing down their stories to you and end the cycle of shame that developed over generations in order to navigate America. There is much more to learn and work to do but I hope to carve a path for you to remember what they did for us.
And to remind you that even if you do not carry my Chinese blood, you were intricately woven and beautifully made by God. Your own ancestors’ stories, ethnic cultures, and history are a valuable part of who you are and you will continue the learning and healing work yourself throughout your life.
Your great-great-great grandfather, Fong Doon, emigrated to the United States in 1886 from Long On Village, Toi-San County, Guangdong, China.
He established a general merchandise store in San Francisco Chinatown that was known for selling raw rattan material. The store was building up a respectable reputation, it was successful and considered one of the largest businesses in Chinatown in its time.
At this time, it had been four years since President Chester Arthur passed the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882, a ten year prohibition on Chinese labor immigrants. This had been the first law that prevented members of a certain ethnic group from entering the United States. You were required to have certification from the Chinese Government to prove you were not a laborer in order to qualify to enter. In brief, this law came about when a wave of Chinese immigrants in the 1850s came for the California Gold Rush and then another wave of immigrants were recruited as cheap labor to help build the Transcontinental Railroad in 1865. They became more mobile and established restaurants, laundromats, and stores, suddenly becoming a threat. In 1902 the Geary Act was passed, extending the Chinese Exclusion Act to permanence and adding restrictions for Chinese residents and required them to have a certificate of residence. Without one they would be deported. Those laws weren't repealed until 1943.
Fong Doon was a merchant immigrant who by law was qualified to enter the U.S. and was fortunate to be able to travel back and forth to China several times. He established a rattan import/export store in Hong Kong, managed by his brother. He got married and had a son, Fong Lung Bew, your great-great-grandfather. He attended Chinese School in China for eight years until his father wanted him to come to America to learn English. His father sponsored his immigration to the U.S. in 1905 when he was seventeen years old, a year younger than I am as I write this letter, and he arrived here via SS Korea.
In their time in San Francisco, Fong Lung Bew and Fong Doon were active and loyal, dedicated members of the Chinese Presbyterian Church for many years. When my grandma, Tutu, your great-grandma, compiled this history she told us that Fong Lung Bew had a lot of caucasian friends through church and business and was well respected. It was noted that a friend said, “His character is excellent; he is one of the best young men we have in church. He had learned English well and dressed American, he was an Americanized Chinaman.” Before I move on, I need to explain to you the depth of this comment. For most, if not all Asian American immigrants, the path to achieving the ‘American Dream’ was assimilation–the process of learning and conforming to the society's dominant culture in order to achieve upward mobility and be socially accepted. Assimilation forces groups of people, such as Asian immigrants, to leave behind their home and ethnic culture; this includes clothes, language, names, food, religion etc. So once his skill in speaking English and dressing American was exceptional, Fong Lung Bew became more respected.
When I read this, it occurred to me that shame of my Chinese heritage started when Fong Doon and Fong Lung Bew’s success in America came at the expense of their culture. This was passed down by each generation, slowly but surely erasing the traditions and culture of their hometown and being replaced by American culture, resulting in the way me and my family live our lives, the traditions we continue, the values we hold, the understanding of our heritage.
In 1909, Fong Lung Bew, went back to China, stayed a year-and-a-half to get married and had a son. He returned to the U.S. by himself on September 29, 1911 to help out in the store. Two years later he went to photography school in Effingham, Illinois and then returned to San Francisco around 1915–1916. There he started his own photography studio and changed his name to Edward Fong. In 1917, Fong Doon had a paralytic stroke and so together they both went back to China on May 25, 1917. Fong Lung Bew returned to the U.S. a few months later and became the manager of the Wing Fung & Co. to take his father’s place at age twenty-nine.
In 1916, Fong Lung Bew started the process of bringing his wife, Wong Chew Lung, to the U.S. after being apart for roughly five years.
She had left her six-year-old son in China with her paternal grandmother in Lung On Village and emigrated without him. She arrived on Angel Island, in San Francisco on October 31, 1916 with her brother-in-law and uncle. Angel Island was an immigration station. For many Asians, immigrating to the U.S. was a traumatic experience as they fled the collapsing economy in China. They hoped for better opportunities in America but as they got to Angel Island, they were treated poorly; interrogated and tested for parasitic infections, the men were separated from women and children, and if they failed any test they would be deported. After the examinations they were sent to a detention dormitory with a bunk where they waited for their interrogators. But on the journey, Wong Chew Lung got sick and was not able to ‘land’ until five months later on March 2, 1917 where she was helped off Angel Island by Donaldina Cameron who was in communication with the immigration officers. Cameron vouched for her and brought her to the Presbyterian mission in Chinatown where she was taken care of. The home of the Presbyterian mission, now called the Donaldina Cameron House, still stands today, as does the old historic detention center on Angel Island.
Finally together in San Francisco…
…Fong Lung Bew and Wong Chew Lung had four kids; Aunty May, Uncle Paul, Uncle Tom, and Uncle Peter. Then they moved to Oakland, California in 1922 and had four more; Uncle David, Uncle Howard, Uncle Edward, and Pearl (Tutu). Hearing stories from Tutu, she shares about difficult times with her mother. She was mean, very meticulous about the little things in her house, fearful, and she didn’t let the kids go out much if not supervised. She had the eldest, May, do a lot of the work for her. May was really like her mother and was held captive. He mother wouldn’t let her go to college or get married because she needed her to stay and help at home, similar to leaving her first-born son to stay with her grandmother in China. May and her brothers would watch over Tutu, stay up with her, and make her snacks while she was working on her homework. But on the other hand, she loved her father. He was a very kind, loving, and patient man, but in 1936, he became ill with a respiratory infection that turned to pneumonia and died at age forty-six on June 22, 1936. That was a really difficult time for Tutu and her family. Often Tutu would say that her and her siblings don’t talk about their childhood and I was able to talk to Aunt Loretta(Uncle Howard’s wife) who would say the same, that they don’t talk much about their childhood because it was extremely painful and for understandable reasons.
The older I get and the more I learn about these stories and piece together what I have observed from my dad, aunts and uncle, the more I understand how much keeping our head down low to get the job ahead of us done, and not think about the past or talk about our ethnic identity has been a common mentality in our family and in Asian American culture. But I have had the privilege to have these conversations with your grandpa about this history and joining this program that gave me the space to learn about it. This is already working towards unraveling this silence, and giving each other the permission to be vulnerable about past trauma that’s intertwined in our ethnic identity with each other.
This letter is just a portion of what I have learned throughout this ten-week program. At the beginning of this journey I was trying to figure out where the shame came from and wondering if I wasn’t accustomed to the culture and was instead embarrassed by it, how would I even start to feel some sense of pride in my Chinese identity? But the first step was acknowledging that there is a story that doesn’t stop at my eyes or hair or skin but runs deep through my veins and I have to learn and do the work to know it. Simply by knowing these stories has helped me feel connected to my ancestors that suddenly feel closer than before and that is something to be proud of. One of the struggles I had was trying to piece in how God has played a role in this journey and as I write this I still wrestle with it. But what I can see as of now is that God was looking out for me five generations ago and looking out for you six generations ago when your great-great-great grandpa immigrated into America to build a new life, regardless of all the obstacles that came his way, and it’s extraordinarily bigger than us.
We are but one part of God’s plan of finally bringing back honor to our ancestors and what they have done for us to be here. So this letter is for you, my lovely children, a gift in hopes that it will ignite a joy in learning about your ethnic identity and know that you have beautiful and powerful stories that you will one day share with the world too.
Love, Kirby Wong
“I stand on the sacrifices of my ancestors before me thinking what can I do to make this mountain taller so the generations after me can see farther”
–(a revised version of Rupi Kaur’s poem Legacy)
ABOUT KIRBY
Kirby Wong is a student at the University of Puget Sound in her sophomore year, class of 2023, majoring in Sociology & Anthropology with an Education minor. She was born and raised in San Francisco, California and grew up attending Grace Fellowship Community Church in the Mission District where the foundation of her faith started. She joined Ekklesiae Stories of the Prophetic (ESP) so that she could venture into her ancestral history through the lens of God’s plans.